How To Count Cards in Blackjack and Bring Down the House

How To Count Cards

Counting Cards Can Be Broken Into 4 Steps:

  1. Step 1. Assign a value to every card
  2. Step 2. Keep a “Running Count” based off of the values of the card dealt
  3. Step 3. Use this information to calculate the count per deck or “true count”
  4. Step 4. Change your bets as the true count rises
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Counting cards is simple, but can take time to master.

We’ve won millions from casinos through the craft of card counting. We can walk you through how to count cards in blackjack in just a few easy steps… Most people think card counting has to do with memorization.

Fortunately for those of us with terrible memories, it has nothing to do with memorizing how many queens or 3’s are dealt out of the shoe. In Blackjack, it is favorable to the player when there are more Aces and 10 Value Cards (10’s, Jacks, Queens, and Kings) remaining in the shoe. So card counting is simply using a system to keep track of the ratio of low cards to high cards.

Step 1: Assign A Value To Every Card

Card Counting Values

With Hi-Lo, the most common card counting system, the card values are as follows:

  • 2-6 = +1
  • 7-9 = 0
  • 10-Ace= -1

As each card is dealt, you will either add 1, subtract 1, or do nothing based on each card’s value.

Step 2: The Running Count

Keep A Running Count By Adding Or Subtracting Every Card That You See In Each Shoe.

As each card is dealt, we will update our “running count” with the new information we are given.

How To Count Cards Example

EXAMPLE #1: The running count for this round is 0 (zero).

Counting Cards Example

EXAMPLE #2: The running count for this round is +1

Blackjack Card Counting Example 3

EXAMPLE #3: The running count for this round is +1.

A card counter does this for each card that comes out of the shoe: card after card and round after round until the dealer shuffles the cards again. Back in the days of single deck blackjack, this information would have been enough to start betting accordingly. If the running count increases, the advantage begins shifting to the player. If the running count goes negative, the casino’s advantage increases.

Step 3: Calculate A “True Count” Or Count Per Deck

In an attempt to thwart card counters, casinos began using multiple decks. Nice try, Casinos! To use our running count in a multiple deck game, we simply have to translate our information into a “True Count” or count per deck. We’ll break down each step below.

Having a +5 running count with 6 decks remaining is a completely different scenario from having a +5 running count with only 1 deck remaining. In the first instance, there is less than 1 additional high card per deck remaining so the player doesn’t have the advantage yet. It’s not just the number of extra high cards that matters to a card counter; it’s the concentration of high cards compared to the concentration of low cards.

So if you had that running count of 5 with only 1 deck remaining, we know that there are 5 extra 10’s and Aces in the remaining 52 cards, which puts the edge in the hands of the player! That’s why the “True Count” is so valuable.

True Count Conversion

EXAMPLE #1: If our Running Count is 10 and we have 5 decks remaining, our True Count is 2. (10 ÷ 5)

EXAMPLE #2: If our Running Count is -7 and we have 2 decks remaining, our True Count is -3. (-7 ÷ 2)

When using perfect basic strategy and card counting, we are able to use this information to bet according to our advantage. That’s how we card counters make our money! The true count will also inform us of when to change our playing strategy. We call these “playing deviations”. We provide free charts of playing deviations to our members.

Bonus Tip

The true count will tell us what our advantage is at any point in a multiple deck blackjack game. To calculate our True Count, we simply divide our Running Count by the number of decks left to be dealt. In a standard 6 deck blackjack game each true count will move the house edge half a percent toward the player’s advantage. So a true 1 would basically erase the house edge and blackjack would be an even game. A true 2 puts the player advantage up to about half of 1 percent and the house edge becomes the player’s edge. A true 3 would make a player advantage of about 1% and so on. This can vary greatly depending on the rules and how many cards get dealt before the shuffle.

Step 4: Change Your Bets As The True Count Rises And Falls

Colin Holding a Blackjack Smirk

Keeping a running count and a true count are essential to knowing when the house edge flips in favor of the player, but if you don’t use that information to change how you play, you’ll just be playing a mentally exhausting game of blackjack. In order to capitalize on the information you get from counting, you have to raise your bets as the true count rises. You want to bet really big when the cards favor the player and really small when the count is negative or neutral and doesn’t favor the player. Bankroll management and proper betting strategy can get complicated, and it’s easy to cause a lot of damage to your bankroll if you don’t properly understand how to bet. This article gives a good overview of the things involved: Recommended Blackjack Bankroll.

So that's it? I can beat casinos now?

Not quite… It’s a bit more involved than this page alone could teach you. Get the full scoop, start our Mini-Course (access it below).

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Start the FREE card counting mini-course

Why Does Card Counting Work?

When a remaining shoe has a higher concentration of tens and aces, statistically there will be more blackjacks dealt. Blackjacks Pay 3:2 (150% of your bet), and the dealer will bust (go over 21) more often. Conversely, when a higher concentration of small cards remain, fewer blackjacks are dealt and the dealer is much less likely to bust. Because of those mathematical realities, a card counter can keep careful track of the concentration of the shoe, placing bigger bets when more high cards exist and smaller bets when more low cards exist. It’s a simple concept, but the reality of executing the strategy perfectly is more complicated and requires expert advice.

What's the History of Card Counting?

We owe everything to the card counters who came before us, beginning with Ed Thorp. Thorp was a mathematician who figured out that by removing a single 2 from a deck of cards made blackjack a positive expectation for the perfect basic strategy player. From there, he devised a system, tested it in real life scenario, and wrote the bestseller “Beat the Dealer.” Read a more thorough, and thoroughly entertaining, history of blackjack and card counting by our own staff writer (and highly successful card counter), “Loudon Ofton.”

Should I Become a Card Counter?

Beyond the weeks of training, card counters must learn proper money management, how to avoid detection from casino surveillance, know which rules to avoid, and how to handle the financial & emotional swings. So is it worth it? There are lots of ways to make money. We are the first to admit — card counting isn’t for everyone. We’ve earned millions at blackjack, and training many people to beat casinos for millions. However, it’s up to you to master the craft and take down the house… To find out more about whether card counting is a good fit for you, here is an in-depth article about the characteristics we believe are necessary to become a successful card counter.

Blackjack Expert Colin Jones

Meet Colin Jones

Colin is the founder of Blackjack Apprenticeship. Colin has been counting cards for over 15 years, and ran a multi-million dollar blackjack team. You may have seen his team featured in the documentary Holy Rollers: The True Story of Card Counting Christians, and has been covered by New York Times, CNN, and The Colbert Report. For more training from Colin, check out the Blackjack Apprenticeship YouTube Channel.